Ik heb nog geen antwoord gevonden op de vraag of de Romeinen nu "sesar" of "kaësar" zegden. Ik heb wel al enkele aanwijzingen gevonden die erop duiden dat "kaësar" eerder vanuit Bysantium zouden komen.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_%28title%29
The Tetrarchy was quickly abandoned as a system, and the previous system of Emperors and Emperors-designate was restored, both in the Latin-speaking West (caesar) and the Greek-speaking East (kaisar); the collapse of the Roman Empire in the West led to "Caesar" falling into disuse there (although the so-called "Holy Roman Emperors" were called Kaiser in German, their correct title were in Latin usually as imperator augustus, without caesar), and most Western European languages use derivatives from imperator to refer to emperors (e.g., the English word "emperor"). In fact, in more recent history the word imperator came to replace the original meaning of imperator in Latin. In the East (in the so-called "Byzantine Empire") it suffered from gradual debasement.
In the East, the kaisar acquired a crown (without a cross) and was junior in rank to the Patriarch of Constantinople; as a result, this title was seen as a suitable one for a high prince of the blood, a regent, or an Emperor-designate (Emperors-designate were usually crowned as co-Emperors during their predecessors' reigns). The proliferation of individuals so titled prompted Aleksios I Komnenos to create the superior title sebastokratôr (a portmanteau word meaning "majestic ruler" derived from sebastos and autokratôr, the Greek equivalents of augustus and imperator) for his brother Isaakios. Both "Kaisar" and "Sebastokratôr" were reduced in degree when Manyhl I Komnenos introduced despotes as a superior title; unlike the caesar and the sebastocrat, the despot had a territorial significance in addition to his degree of precedence.
The legacy of "Caesar" as an imperial title is reflected by the words for "Emperor" and "Empress" in many languages:
. Belarusian: Tsar & Tsarytsa;
. Bulgarian: Tsar & Tsaritsa;
. Croatian & Serbian: Car & Carica;
. Danish: Kejser & Kejserinde;
. Dutch: Keizer & Keizerin;
. Estonian: Keiser & Keisrinna;
. Finnish: Keisari & Keisaritar;
. German: Kaiser & Kaiserin;
. Hebrew: Keisár & Keisarít
. Icelandic: Keisari & Keisarinna;
. Latvian: Keizars & Keizarienne;
. Norwegian: Keiser & Keiserinne;
. Polish: Cesarz & Cesarzowa;
. Russian: Czar & Czaritsa (archaic), Tsar & Tsaritsa (modern)
. Slovak: Cisár & Cisárovná
. Slovene: Cesar & Cesarica
. Swedish: Kejsare & Kejsarinna
Ukrainian: Tsar & Tsarytsya
http://www.phrases.org.uk/bulletin_board/1...ssages/263.html
Etymology: New Latin czar, from Russian tsar', from Old Russian tsisari, from Gothic kaisar, from Greek or Latin; Greek, from Latin Caesar -- more at CAESAR
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Caesar_(title)
Talk:Caesar (title)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
What exactly does this sentence in the article mean:
In fact, in more recent history the word imperator came to replace the original meaning of imperator in Latin.
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Possible error
I believe this part is incorrect:
"Finnish: Keisari & Keisaritar Icelandic: Keisari & Keisarinna"
I think it should be "keisari & keisarinna" in Finnish, not in Icelandic. Finnish is my native language, and keisarinna is the Finnish word. Allthough the suffix -tar indicates the female gender in Finnish (ie. tarjoilija = waiter, tarjoilijatar= waitress), I believe it is never used with the word keisari, and it should be keisarinna instead of keisaritar.
[edit]
misleading statement
this line in the article
The Tetrarchy was quickly abandoned as a system, and the previous system of Emperors and Emperors-designate was restored, both in the Latin-speaking West (caesar) and the Greek-speaking East (kaisar)
wrongfully suggested that 'caesar' is the roman way and 'kaisar' the greek way of pronouncing 'Caesar', but in fact the romans also pronounced it 'kaisar' and 'caesar', 'si-zer' in non dictionary phonetic spelling, is the modern pronunciation produced by pronouncing a latin word with Saxon-based phonetic rules. In short: according to modern english rules 'Caesar' is pronounced 'si-ser', but the Romans pronounced it 'kai-zar'.
Furthermore the article states that 'imperator' replaced 'caesar' as the title given to Emperors, but this is not the case for all countries. A good number of countries from the list mention in the article have no other word for emperor than the word mentioned in that list, all of which are Caesar derived, rather than Imperator derived.
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