jkien schreef:
Een waarnemer op aarde ziet de maan in een cirkelbaan om de poolster draaien, eenparig, met een snelheid van 15° per uur.
da's te kort door de bocht.
de aarde draait om haar as met 15,04° per uur
vanaf de aarde gezien draait de maan daar nog eens omheen in dezelfde richting met 360° per 27,3 dagen, gemiddeld 13,2° per dag. Door haar elliptische baan betekent dat hoeksnelheden t.o.v. een aardse waarnemer variërend tussen 11,6° en 14,8° per dag . (0,48° resp 0,62° per uur)
Waargenomen hoeksnelheid vanaf een punt op aarde dat ook in het baanvlak van de maan ligt moet dus variëren tussen 14,56° en 14,42° per uur.
http://cseligman.com/text/sky/moonmotion.htm
<i>The Moon's Variation in Distance and Speed</i>
Although the Moon has an average motion of 13.2 degrees per day, this motion varies for two reasons. First, the orbit of the Moon is an ellipse and is not centered on the center of the Earth, but on a point about 12000 miles from the center of the Earth. As a result, during each orbit the Moon's distance varies by twice that 12000 miles. During half its orbit it is approaching us, and during the other half it is moving away from us. During the half orbit that it is approaching us, our mutual gravitational pull accelerates the Moon, causing it to move faster and faster, until at the closest point in the orbit, or <i>perigee</i>, it is moving about 6% faster than its average motion. Similarly, during the half orbit that it is receding from us, our mutual gravitational pull decelerates the Moon, causing it to move slower and slower, until at the furthest point in the orbit, or <i>apogee</i>, it is moving about 6% slower than its average motion. In addition to these actual changes in velocity, there is an apparent change caused simply by its being nearer or further; when it is closer any motion that it has looks faster in angular terms than when it is further away. This effect causes another 6% <i>apparent</i> increase or decrease in velocity, in addition to the actual change.
In other words, as the Moon approaches perigee its angular speed among the stars will appear to increase by about 12% of its average speed, half of that change being due to its lesser distance, and half being due to an actual increase in speed; and as it approaches apogee, its angular speed among the stars will appear to decrease by about 12% of its average speed, half of that change being due to its greater distance, and half being due to an actual decrease in speed. Since 12% of 13.2 degrees per day is 1.6 degrees per day, the daily motion of the Moon to the east can vary from as little as 11.6 degrees per day near apogee to as much as 14.8 degrees per day near perigee.